OCaml
OCaml is a functional and object-oriented language, used both in industry and as a teaching language to elegantly solve problems. The strong type system, with type inference, is useful for catching mistakes.
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About OCaml
OCaml is an industrial strength programming language supporting functional, imperative and object-oriented styles - but don't worry if you're not familiar with these, as it's used as a teaching language by a lot of institutions (including Cornell and Princeton).
One of the best features of OCaml is the rich and powerful type system - this is useful to catch some mistakes early on saving developers a huge amount of frustration. Also, type inference relieves developers from having to specify types in the code - the compiler will work these out for you!
It's used by Facebook (for static code analysis with Infer) and Jane Street (for providing strong guarantees for their internal trading systems), and has influenced the F# functional programming language and ReasonML.
Key Features of OCaml
Algebraic data types
Powerful tools to define and manipulate complex data structures with ease.
Immutable programming
No need for destructive updates to data structures or accidental mutation.
Static typing
Increased performance and reduced runtime errors.
First class functions
Can be passed like any value, used as arguments, and returned from other functions.
Type inference
Automatic inference makes the code less verbose and developers more efficient.
Parametric polymorphism
Construct abstractions that work across data types, like generics in Java and templates in C++.
Algebraic data types
Powerful tools to define and manipulate complex data structures with ease.
Immutable programming
No need for destructive updates to data structures or accidental mutation.
Static typing
Increased performance and reduced runtime errors.
First class functions
Can be passed like any value, used as arguments, and returned from other functions.
Type inference
Automatic inference makes the code less verbose and developers more efficient.
Parametric polymorphism
Construct abstractions that work across data types, like generics in Java and templates in C++.
